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Common Treecreeper

Certhia familiaris (Linnaeus, 1758)

Обыкновенная пищуха | Кәдімгі шиқылдақ

2016-10-12
West Kazakhstan region, Syrymsky district, Ulenta
© Aibar Magazov

Distribution

Breeds in mountains of Eastern and South-Eastern Kazakhstan. On wintering occurs also in the Ural valley and in Southern Kazakhstan. Please see detailed distribution in the section Subspecies.

Biology

Rare resident, or in some places rare winter visitor. Inhabits the coniferous, mixed and deciduous mountain forests, especially old forests with mossy trees, at altitudes 1400-2500 m; out of breeding season occurs in gardens, groves and villages. Pairs are formed in March, nest is constructed in April – May. Nest is located in spruce, larch, birch tree-holes, under the bark, in stump cavities, under the house roof, in crevice between boards, and very rare in fork of branches, at height 0.5-4 m above the ground. Nest is built by female for about two weeks, from thin spruce twigs, dry grass, moss and bast and is lined with hair and plenty of feathers. Clutches of 4-9, usually 5-7 eggs is laid in early May – mid-June. Only female incubates clutch for 15-16 days, male bring her the food. Both parents feed juveniles which fledge at age 22-23 days old, in early June to early July. From October to February disperses singly or in small groups outside of breeding places.

Subspecies

Certhia familiaris familiaris (Linnaeus, 1758)

    Description. Upper parts are darker, whitish spots are smaller and less in numerous than in daurica.
    Distribution. Occurs on dispersal and in winter in Ural valley down to Atyrau. Single bird recorded at October 1973 in Naurzum pine forest.

Certhia familiaris daurica (Domaniewski, 1922)

    Description. The lightest race. Upper parts is lighter, whitish spots are bigger and more numerous, than in other races.

    Distribution. Breeds in coniferous forests near Semipalatinsk, in Kalbinskiy and Southwest Altai and probably in Saur. Probably birds of this race were observed in Astana 29 November and 16 December 1990 and in Kurgaldzhino Reserve 2 and 14 November 2002.

Certhia familiaris tianschanica (Hartert, 1905)

    Description. Buffy tinge on upper parts is more yellowish, less brownish or rusty-brown; bill is longer than in other races.
    Distribution. Breeds in Northern Tien Shan (Zailiyskiy, Kungey, Terskey, Ketmen ridges) and Dzhungarskiy Alatau, and also in riparian forest in Charyn river. On dispersal occurs in Aksu-Dzhabagly Reserve (Talasskiy Alatau), in Almaty, Dzharkent and in foothills of Dzhungarskiy Alatau.

References

Gavrilov E. I., Gavrilov A. E. "The Birds of Kazakhstan". Almaty, 2005. Э.И.Гаврилов. "Фауна и распространение птиц Казахстана". Алматы, 1999. В.К.Рябицев. "Птицы Урала, Приуралья и Западной Сибири". Екатеринбург. Изд-во Уральского университета, 2000.

supplement

subspecies

Certhia familiaris familiaris
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Certhia familiaris daurica
(Domaniewski, 1922)
Certhia familiaris tianschanica
(Hartert, 1905)

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