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basic information
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2016-10-12
West Kazakhstan region, Syrymsky district, Ulenta |
© Aibar Magazov
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Breeds in mountains of Eastern and South-Eastern Kazakhstan. On wintering occurs also in the Ural valley and in Southern Kazakhstan. Please see detailed distribution in the section Subspecies.
Rare resident, or in some places rare winter visitor. Inhabits the coniferous, mixed and deciduous mountain forests, especially old forests with mossy trees, at altitudes 1400-2500 m; out of breeding season occurs in gardens, groves and villages. Pairs are formed in March, nest is constructed in April – May. Nest is located in spruce, larch, birch tree-holes, under the bark, in stump cavities, under the house roof, in crevice between boards, and very rare in fork of branches, at height 0.5-4 m above the ground. Nest is built by female for about two weeks, from thin spruce twigs, dry grass, moss and bast and is lined with hair and plenty of feathers. Clutches of 4-9, usually 5-7 eggs is laid in early May – mid-June. Only female incubates clutch for 15-16 days, male bring her the food. Both parents feed juveniles which fledge at age 22-23 days old, in early June to early July. From October to February disperses singly or in small groups outside of breeding places.
Certhia familiaris familiaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Description. Upper parts are darker, whitish spots are smaller and less in numerous than in daurica.
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Certhia familiaris daurica (Domaniewski, 1922) Description. The lightest race. Upper parts is lighter, whitish spots are bigger and more numerous, than in other races. | |
Certhia familiaris tianschanica (Hartert, 1905) Description. Buffy tinge on upper parts is more yellowish, less brownish or rusty-brown; bill is longer than in other races. |
Gavrilov E. I., Gavrilov A. E. "The Birds of Kazakhstan". Almaty, 2005. Э.И.Гаврилов. "Фауна и распространение птиц Казахстана". Алматы, 1999. В.К.Рябицев. "Птицы Урала, Приуралья и Западной Сибири". Екатеринбург. Изд-во Уральского университета, 2000.
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