European Golden Oriole

Oriolus oriolus oriolus (Linnaeus, 1758)

		male
2006-06-02 Chagan holm, West Kazakhstan oblast	© Askar Isabekov

Description

The second primary is longer than the fifth one. There is no black mark behind the eye. The most part of the outer pair tail feathers is black. Half or more of the 2-4 outer pairs of tail feathers is black.

Distribution

Breeds in northern Kazakhstan from lower Ural valley (up to Dzhongolsay settlement) up to Irtysh valley, where it is common from Pavlodar up to Ust-Kamenogorsk. It nests also in Naurzum Reserve, Kokchetav uplands (up to Borovoye) and probably in Aktobe steppes to upper course of Irgiz river, in Kalbinskiy Altai, Western Altai foothills and in Bukhtarma valley, but on Ridder area and on Markakol' lake breeding is not confirmed. It inhabits Chernyy Irtysh valley, Tarbagatay and Dzhungarskiy Alatau. On summer and on migration observed south of breeding area.

References

В.К.Рябицев. "Птицы Урала, Приуралья и Западной Сибири". Екатеринбург, Изд-во Уральского университета, 2000. Э.И.Гаврилов. "Фауна и распространение птиц Казахстана". Алматы, 1999. Gavrilov E. I., Gavrilov A. E. "The Birds of Kazakhstan". Almaty, 2005. А.Ф.Ковшарь "Певчие птицы". Алма-Ата, "Кайнар", 1983.